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Lord Alfred Bruce Douglas (22 October 187020 March 1945), nicknamed Bosie, was an English author, poet and translator, better known as the friend and lover of writer Oscar Wilde. Much of his early poetry was Uranian in theme, though he tended, later in life, to distance himself from both Wilde's influence and his own role as a Uranian poet. ==Early life and background== Douglas was born at Ham Hill House in Powick, Worcestershire, the third son of John Douglas, 9th Marquess of Queensberry, and his first wife, Sibyl née Montgomery. He was his mother's favourite child; she called him Bosie (a derivative of Boysie), a nickname which stuck for the rest of his life. His mother successfully sued for divorce in 1887 on the grounds of his father's adultery.〔"The Queensberry Divorce Case", ''The Times'', 24 January 1887, p. 4〕 The Marquess married Ethel Weeden in 1893 but the marriage was annulled the following year. Douglas was educated at Wixenford School,〔Rupert Croft-Cooke, ''Bosie: The Story of Lord Alfred Douglas, His Friends and Enemies'' (1963), p. 33〕 Winchester College (1884–88) and Magdalen College, Oxford (1889–93), which he left without obtaining a degree. At Oxford, he edited an undergraduate journal, ''The Spirit Lamp'' (1892–3), an activity that intensified the constant conflict between him and his father. Their relationship had always been a strained one and during the Queensberry-Wilde feud, Douglas sided with Wilde, even encouraging Wilde to prosecute the Marquess for libel. In 1893, Douglas had a brief affair with George Ives. In 1858, before Douglas's birth, his grandfather, the 8th Marquess of Queensberry, had died in what was reported as a shooting accident, but was widely believed to have been suicide. In 1862, his widowed grandmother, Lady Queensberry, converted to Roman Catholicism and took her children to live in Paris.〔(Lady Florence Dixie ) at spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk (accessed 8 March 2008)〕 One of his uncles, Lord James Douglas, was deeply attached to his twin sister 'Florrie' and was heartbroken when she married. In 1885, he tried to abduct a young girl, and after that became ever more manic. In 1888, Lord James married, but this proved disastrous.〔Douglas, Murray, ''Bosie: A Biography of Lord Alfred Douglas'', (Chapter One ) online at nytimes.com (accessed 8 March 2008)〕 Separated from Florrie, James drank himself into a deep depression,〔 and in 1891 committed suicide by cutting his throat.〔 Another of his uncles, Lord Francis Douglas (1847–1865) had died in a climbing accident on the Matterhorn. His uncle Lord Archibald Edward Douglas (1850–1938), on the other hand, became a clergyman.〔〔G.E. Cokayne ''et al.'', eds., ''The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant'', new edition, 13 volumes in 14 (1910–1959; new edition, 2000), volume X, page 694〕 Alfred Douglas's aunt, Lord James's twin Lady Florence Douglas (1855–1905), was an author, war correspondent for the ''Morning Post'' during the First Boer War, and a feminist.〔''Dixie, Lady Florence, poet, novelist, writer; explorer and a keen champion of Woman's Rights'' in ''Who Was Who'' online at (7345683 ) at xreferplus.com (subscription required), accessed 11 March 2008〕 In 1890, she published a novel, ''Gloriana, or the Revolution of 1900'', in which women's suffrage is achieved after a woman posing as a man named Hector D'Estrange is elected to the House of Commons. The character D'Estrange is clearly based on Oscar Wilde.〔Heilmann, Ann, ''Wilde's New Women: the New Woman on Wilde'' in Uwe Böker, Richard Corballis, Julie A. Hibbard, ''The Importance of Reinventing Oscar: Versions of Wilde During the Last 100 Years'' (Rodopi, 2002) pp. 135–147, in particular p. 139〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Lord Alfred Douglas」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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